Saturday, October 12, 2019
MBA Admissions Essay -- MBA Admissions Essay
MBA Admissions Essay After graduation from KOREA University, I decided to enter Hyndai MotorCompany(HMC), which is the largest Korean car manufacturer and global player, to pursue a career as an international businessman. In January 1991, I joined Domestic Finance Team of HMC. My specific assignment was to plan monthly and annual financial schedules for HMC's domestic funding needs. About two years later, in January of 1993, I was transferred to Retail Finance Team from Domestic Finance Team and responsible for financing by the sales and factoring of Car Receivables. First Challenge the expertise for strategy formulation implementation within a changing business environment. In May 1994, I was selected as a member of Task Force Team that prepare to set up HMC's own finance company. During my six-month assignment, I worked under pressured time constraints. After lots of conflicts with Ministry of Finance and Economy, we got government approval in late 1994. This opportunity provided me with valuable experience in every aspect of business and team experience. Working with the extremely qualified and professional upper management was valuable in shaping my career goals. Especially, during my business trip to Hyundai Motor Finance Company in CA, USA, the international exposure increased my confidence and desire to pursue a career in international business. After the expiration of the Task Force, I was given the option between joining the newly established Finance Company and remaining in HMC. At that time, International Finance Team(IFT) offe red to work together with them. I accepted the proposal because I wanted to further expand my international exposure. Second Challenge the enhancement of the global perspective and strategic vision required to successfully compete in a globalized business setting. In January 1995, I was trasferres to IFT and took over two jobs of financing Foreign Direct Investment and Investor Relations. In march 1995, HMC was planning the biggest foreign direct investment in India ever since the failure in canada, and I, together with my two subordinates, was responsible for project. Despite the fact that only three months had passes after taking a new position. I could carry out the complicated processes on the project. partly owning to the past force team experience. Third Challenge : Throughout my wor... ... The program is clearly not a perfect substitute for experience, but I believe it would program would also allow me to further research my business ideas through the experiences of my peers, independent study, and related summer employment. This would let me have a deep understanding, as I hope, of financial and other market structures, competitiveness, and other factors that a consultant needs take into account when recommending whether to pursue a career as an international business consultant. My long-term professional aspiration is to enter the field of international management consulting. A MBA from your school in interdisciplinary studies will enhance my understanding of all aspects of business. This will contribute significantly to becoming effective in the consulting profession. I am extremely enthusiastic about the future of International Business. I believe that there are major breakthroughs yet to be made in the field. After completing a MBA in your school, I hope to gain practical experience and exposure with a major international business firms. Eventually, I wish to establish my own consulting company providing various financial and managerial services.
Friday, October 11, 2019
The researchers built their study
The research article by Suniya Luthar, Karen Shoum and Pamela Brown (2006) entitled ââ¬Å"Extracurricular involvement among affluent youth: A scapegoat for ubiquitous achievement pressuresâ⬠attempted to determine the extracurricular involvement of high status secondary students and how this affected their academic performance and whether it was directly the source of the pressure to achieve.The researchers built their study on the notion that children from affluent communities are overscheduled and have too many things to accomplish at a given day because it is expected by their parents.They said that childrenââ¬â¢s involvement in extracurricular activities are imposed by their parents and thus places undue stress and pressure for the student to succeed and achieve. Although, some researchers had found evidence to support the assumption that involvement in extracurricular activities improved academic performance as groups, clubs and teams provide opportunities for healthy c ompetition fostering the need to achieve as a desirable motive for subsequent endeavors.Moreover, the researchers mainly focused their attention to affluent children or students who come from affluent families because they are more likely to be pressured by their parents to succeed. At the same time, affluent students have more chances of cultivating their interests in extracurricular activities because they have the resources to do so.à The authors defined extracurricular involvement as the degree to which students participate in activities that are not directly associated to their academic performance and has no bearing on their academic grades and is conducted outside of regular school hours with the presence of a coach or trainer. Extracurricular involvement was measured in terms of four broad categories; sports, arts, academics and civic.The researchers hypothesized that upper class students are overscheduled and thus have more adjustment issues, however, they were more incli ned to believe that hours spent in extracurricular activities are not to blame but the family processes that are related to academic achievement are the cause. The family processes include parentââ¬â¢s emphasis on achievement; parental criticism, high achievement expectations and values that promoted getting ahead of others, lack of adult supervision after school and how often children ate dinner with parents.The methods used to test the hypothesis of the researchers were varied; they used self-report questionnaires to obtain information on maladjustment indicators such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse, while they used school grades and teacher rating behavior to measure academic performance and behavior.The researchers also used a two dimensional framework in assessing their research outcomes, examining extracurricular activities and involvement per se, and how extracurricular activities competed with the measured family outcomes.The results of the study indicated tha t there were minimal links between extracurricular activities and pressure leading to adjustment problems. The researchers found that there is a weak relationship in the time spent in sports, academic, arts and civic activities to that of behavioral maladjustments and competence.The researchers however found evidence that supported the hypothesis that parental expectations were more detrimental to the studentââ¬â¢s adjustment. It was found that parental criticism and lack of adult supervision had a more negative effect to student behavior than other variables.
Thursday, October 10, 2019
Every child is special Essay
Every child is special. Every child has its own personality. Every child tries to endeavor and focus best in its life. Primarily, every child has its own dreams. But the main factor to ponder is, for us to understand his/her dreams. And the truth is, we lack stability, patience and understanding as far as the child is concern. The movie, Every Child Is Special, was about a certain child named Ishaan Awasthi. Ishaan was a talented child; he can think outside the box and paint with such passion and creativity. But he was not understood by his teachers, he was only thought of as a mischievous and a very naughty boy. He was often called an ââ¬Å"idiot, duffer, lazy and crazyâ⬠, even his parents didnââ¬â¢t understand him. They only thought that the boy was misbehaving because he did not want to go to school. It is perhaps the structure and restrictions of the normal expectations of the school system that rub him the wrong way, because one day, after having been punished by being sent by the teacher to stand in the hallway, he goes AWOL and wanders the streets, savoring the exciting sights of tourist-film India. He appears to be somewhat hyperactive. If his parents attempted to have him tested, it may be that he never sat still long enough to get a diagnosis. After finding out that Ishaan will be kicked out of school after the school year, his parents decided to send him to a boarding school where Ishaan suffered more from his strict teachers. These incidents crushed Ishaanââ¬â¢s confidence in him and he became depressed, very depressed. He did not speak to anyone, not even to his mother or his brother. No one would even try to help him because they did not try to understand him. Luckily he met Ram Shankar Nikumbh, the temporary art teacher, saw himself in Ishaan, he stayed persistent to help Ishaan in his studies and his life. Through his unconventional teaching methods and graceful presence, Ishaanââ¬â¢s attention was caught up. Ram did everything to understand Ishaanââ¬â¢s problem in reading and writing, he consulted Ishaanââ¬â¢s parents and told them that Ishaan has dyslexia, wherein he finds it hard to recognize letters and numbers. I love where he tells Ishaanââ¬â¢s father that in the Solomon Islands, villagers donââ¬â¢t chop down a tree when they want to clear land, but curse and hurl abuses at it, and the tree withers and dies soon after. Ram helped Ishaan in every way, first he gave Ishaan a confidence boost so that he will not be afraid to expressà himself, and then, he also gave Ishaan lessons in writing, reading and in math. Ram taught Ishaan using different methods, he made learning fun by applying games to his lessons. Gradually, Ishaan begun to improve in his studies, he has now little trouble in reading, he can right properly and can solve math problems. Teaching should not only be done in one way, we should use different ways to teach our students because each and every one of us has a unique and special talent. It is also good to understand the needs of our students, let them be free ââ¬â free to imagine, free to learn in their own special way. Listen to your students opinions and learn from it. Somehow the movie touched in an exceptional way and it broke my heart seeing that the dear people that child thought would understand him were the very ones who judged him and failed to understand his problem. But I cannot really judge the parents though, all they wanted was the best for their child that is why they tried so hard to push him and discipline him at the same time. It tug the heartstrings and at the same time gives hope that having dyslexia is not a desperate and in hopeless situation. To help the students, family support, teacherââ¬â¢s patience and love is needed, so with the interesting and enjoyable teaching and learning strategies should be employed. The theory of multiple intelligences in education plays an important role here and that can be a vessel in informing the teachers and most importantly the parents for them to assist their children. With time, patience and care, he ultimately helps Ishaan find himself and the harsh father realized his childââ¬â¢s wo rth and needs.
Wednesday, October 9, 2019
Home Depot Essay
Home Depot is considered to be one of the top ranking home improvement organizations. The mission statement of this organization was formulated around being ââ¬Å"committed to maximizing long term shareholder value while supporting management in the business and operations of the company, observing the highest ethical standards and adhering to the laws of the jurisdictions within which the company operatesâ⬠(Homer TLC INC, 2010). The Home Depot transformed the ââ¬Å"home improvement industryâ⬠by providing a well round reputation for products, corporate governance and strong values within the community. The purpose of The Home Depot remains to build relationships, have social responsibility, and concrete ethics as an organization. Employees are respected, offered growth and reputable incentive plans. Public policy makers and Home Depot collaborates on ideas to assure prosperity in our society. Home Depot delivers great customer service by revealing the best techniques in home improvement for amateur clientele. There are over 2,200 retail stores in the United States and 272 internationally. Overall, these features promote essential organizational communication dynamics. Organizational communication sets the organization apart from the rest. This also promotes a clear understanding of cultural dimensions. Home Depot History Founded in 1978, The Home Depot, Inc. is the worldââ¬â¢s largest home improvement specialty retailer and the fourth largest retailer in the United States with fiscal 2010 retail sales of $68. 0 billion and earnings from continuing operations of $3. 3 billion. The Home Depot has more than 2,200 retail stores in the United States (including Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands and the territory of Guam), Canada, Mexico and China. The Home Depot employs over 255,000 associates, and operates 478 warehouses. The Home Depot is the fastest growing retailer in U. S. history. In 1981, the company went public on NASDAQ and moved to the New York Stock Exchange in 1984. The 1980s and 1990s spawned tremendous growth for the company, with 1989 marking the celebration of its 100th store opening. From the beginning, The Home Depot developed strategic product alliances directly with industry-leading manufacturers to deliver the most exclusive assortments to customers. Through a combination of national brands and proprietary products the company sets the standard for innovative merchandise for the do-it-yourselfer From the start, associates were able to offer the best customer service in the industry, guiding customers through projects such as laying tile, changing a fill valve or handling a power tool. Not only did store associates undergo rigorous product knowledge training, but they also began offering clinics so customers could learn how to do it themselves. The Home Depot revolutionized the home improvement industry by bringing the know-how and the tools to the consumer and by saving them money. Home Depot History Bernard March, Arthur Blank and Ronal Brill incorporated the Home Depot in 1978. They found financing from a New York venture capital firm and started Home Depot in Atlanta, Georgia. This team Recognizing that more than 60% of building supply industry sales were do-it-yourselfers and that most did not have the precise knowledge to successfully accomplish home repair or home improvement projects themselves; Home Depot opted to offer that service to the public. The management team of Home Depot devised a two part plans to insure success. 1. Ensure the Home Depot had ampule stock; their target was at least 25,000 items. 2. Train sales staff in every store to be product knowledgeable. They also wanted to make the experience of shopping at Home Depot and experience that would bring you back to the store for additional sales and expert services. The Home Depot story is one of success due to clever thinking and good ideas. Today they are involved in the upscale interior design market, and taking on some leadership roles in the communities that their stores have entered. They have also become involved in humanitarian efforts such as local welfare organizations, Habitat for Humanity to the Boys and Girls Club of Canada and the United States. Bob Nardelli is Watching Bernie Marcus and Arthur Blank left their posts without any warning. There wasnââ¬â¢t any evidence or indication that the founders would leave Home Depot. Employee morale was high and customer service was great! Expansion of the company was going along wonderfully and there was no doubt that Home Depot was a contender in the home improvement industry. Home Depot needed a major revamping and few people knew about the financial state of the company. Marcus and Blank allowed a very disjointed culture to exist within the company. Bernie Marcus and Arthur Blank, the founders of Home Depot, had paved a road to bankrupt the company. In comes Bob Nardelli to save the day. The Home Depot board of directors sought after Bob, once he was passed over for the top position at GE. Immediately upon taking over as CEO, Nardelli started to centralize processes. This proved to be extremely radical for existing personnel. Bob upgraded computers, software, and hired a Director of Human Resources, which Home Depot had never had before. Nardelli started a recruitment program, which had been very successful for him at GE. He focused on retirees, Hispanics, and military officers. Walking into a culture where there was little to no structure, Nardelli knew that he would need personnel that would ââ¬Å"understand the mission,â⬠(Regingold 2007) which is why there are so many employees with military experience. Nardelli brought discipline to Home Depot. Under Bob Nardelli, Home Depot doubled their sales, opened a contractorââ¬â¢s sales division, and boosted Home Depotââ¬â¢s commitment to volunteerism. Frank Blake is Home Depotââ¬â¢s ââ¬ËCalmer-in-Chiefââ¬â¢ Almost immediately after assuming the role of CEO, Frank Blake used The Home Depotââ¬â¢s existing intra-communication system to read to the employees from a book written by the founders. This gesture set the tone for his leadership style and relayed a clear message to the employees, The Home Depot was returning to their grass roots leadership style. Blake intended to ââ¬Å"recapture some of the culture fostered by its founders. It also syncs with his push to get the company back to its service-oriented roots. â⬠(Tobin, 2010) Blake is described as mellow and a sharp contrast to his predecessor, Bob Nardelli, who is portrayed as emotionally high strung. Unfortunately Blake was given the daunting task of having to lay off thousands of people, close stores and spearhead and internal restructuring. Although Blake has improved employee morale and customer satisfaction, ââ¬Å"Home Depot still lags archrival Loweââ¬â¢s and smaller hardware stores for customer service, according to external surveys. And the housing market that fueled the chainââ¬â¢s growth remains moribund, leaving much on Blakeââ¬â¢s plate. â⬠(Tobin, 2010) In contrast, Home Depots claims that their internal surveys show that employee morale and customer satisfaction are up. ââ¬Å"By most accounts, Home Depot needed cultural healing when Blake was named chief executive. (Tobin, 2010) As CEO, Blake sought the advice of consultants like Marcus and Blank and embraced their motivational techniques as demonstrated this by allowing them to speak annually with his management team. Blake has accomplished reestablishing the organizational culture that was dismantled under Bob Nardelli. Home Depot Foundation The Home Depot Foundation was created to help those who are having financial difficulties with home improvements and repairs. The Home Depot Foundation decided to contribute $30 million to our veterans who are struggling with significant financial concerns. The Home Depot Foundation has also teamed up with ââ¬Å"Gift In Kind Internationalâ⬠to address financially disadvantage families. A noticeable goal within this project delivers lower energy cost and consumption. A contribution of $100 million for supplies or products was noted for donation across non-profit agencies since 2008 on a national level (Homer TLC INC, 2011). The ââ¬Å"Framing Hope Programâ⬠was also noted as assisting with home repair or improvement through Home Depot. Home Depot provides non-profit agencies or organizations material that is discontinued from stock. This business transaction offers a win-win scenario for all arties involved. The shareholders and Home Depot give resources to those in the community in need and avoid landfills being occupied. Landfills are designed to bury trash underground. The trash has a supportive barrier to prevent it from leaking into our ground water. However, eliminating the overflow of this process is an eco- friendly suggestion. This benefits the environment and business strategic management objectives. Most of the companies being used are Fortune 100 organizations in the United States. Close to $270 Million has been donated to programs that support families in need. The Home Depot Foundation and the Gifts of Kind International have assisted thousands of families in need. These organizational leaders show that their organizational values and culture are productive in nature. The reputation of Home Depot and those that are similar, demonstrate strength in its business model. Theory Research states that The Home Depot is one of the best companies to work for with a high customer focus, great product selection, high employee morale, and an entrepreneurial spirit. The key to The Home Depotââ¬â¢s success is treating people well. Associates are encouraged to share the companyââ¬â¢s vision on volunteerism and participate in the many causes that The Home Depot supports in the community and in society. The Home Depot uses their values to guide the beliefs and actions of all associates on a daily basis. These values are The Home Depotââ¬â¢s advantage in the global marketplace. Theory: The Home Depot is a Theory Y organization because employees are encouraged to speak up and take risks, they are recognized and rewarded for good performance, and they are provided with leadership and development so that they can grow. Evaluation and Measurement of Organizational Culture Examination of an organizations ability to communicate within its culture is vital for success. The Home Depot has proven that it holds the record for being a reputable organization among competitive industry peers. The Home Depot functions as a ââ¬Å"Theory Yâ⬠organization according to how the management responds to operational goals, employees and production. The Home Depot uses teleconferencing to immediately reach associates. This proved to be a great tool when Frank Blake took over as CEO after Bob Nardelli. Nardelli was a leader that provided structure and streamlined processes, and at the time of Bobââ¬â¢s arrival The Home Depot needed both. Nardelli did not include customers and associate morale in his vision for the company. Nardelli ran the company with military precision and this created a climate of fear. On his first day as CEO, Arthur Blake read from a copy of ââ¬Å"Built from Scratch,â⬠the company biography written by The Home Depot founders, Bernie Marcus and Arthur Blank. Using this channel to communicate with the company allowed Blake to send the message that, ââ¬Å"We are who we are, because of the way that things were done in the beginning. Choosing this channel of communication at this time gave Blake a chance to start the healing process at The Home Depot. This showed a small degree of power distance within the organization. Every employee had been through radical changes with the former CEO and everyone needed to know that things were going to be okay, and they needed to hear that from the CEO. The Home Depot uses face-to-face channels of communication to encourage sociability. Diversity is encouraged within the employment population to generate a creative perspective. The diversity ranges from different cultures, out of country suppliers and divisional council groups. The morale of the those involved are high due to the focal point being to improve oneââ¬â¢s community and growth of your own personal endeavors through training. These two factors encourage employees to be creative in handling outside community functions while feeling at ease with their responsibilities at work. The informal communication networks are established within this organization by means of group councils, Diversity panels, employee social functions, community interaction, being a team player, and a customer centered focus. There are copies of The Home Depotââ¬â¢s list of Values almost everywhere you turn throughout the organization. These rules are considered to be The Home Depotââ¬â¢s bread and butter. Writing the rules down and ensuring that there is mass distribution shows employees of the organization that the company is committed to the success of each employee. The Values state that good performance will be rewarded and associates will be developed so that they may grow. The Values also state that associates are to embody the ââ¬Å"orangeblooded entrepreneurial spiritâ⬠of The Home Depot and take risks and initiate creative and innovative ways to serve the customers. The Values ask the associates to build strong relationships and to have respect for all people. These two requests prove that The Home Depot is tolerant of conflict but encourages solving the problem at the lowest level. The organization recognizes that there will be disagreements, and each associate is given the communication tools to operate effectively in any situation. ?
Relationship Between SES and Child development in the United States Essay
Relationship Between SES and Child development in the United States - Essay Example Many organizations are collecting funds from common people to provide education to these childrenââ¬â¢s. These societies are putting their best effort for saving child from the condition of homelessness. They also invite donations from different people so that these children can also live like normal human beings. The main aim of these societies is to save homeless children from various serious diseases because most of the homeless children die because of these serious diseases. These hardworking teams are also spreading awareness of homeless children. Many help lines are also provided by these organizations so that if any person fined any child who is begging for basic necessities, then he can immediately contact on these numbers to give the information in right hands so that the child can be saved from every danger. Objective: The primary objective of this thesis is to figure out the main problems the homeless children in Florida and United States are facing. What are their livi ng status, what they do expect from us and finally what we can do for those children? Concise Review: As a responsible citizen it is our duty to be sensitive regarding the homeless children. As a civilized society we all should have to contribute our services in terms of funds, physical help or whatever we can do. Concise Review of the Literature If we make estimation then there are more than one million children in United States who are surviving without shelter. The lives of these children are prone to various serious diseases like speech problems, asthma attacks, problem in stomach due to improper digestion and many more. Many of these children die because of high depression. Many of these children are threatened by their family because the family of these children suffers from low budget due to losses in business or due to some other reasons. These childrenââ¬â¢s are forced to abandon their houses. But after that the life of these people become worse and they reduce their lea rning capabilities. The worst part in this action is that most of the children are under the age of 6 years. And the lives of the children under the age of 6 years affect more. Researches form ââ¬Å"National Center on Family Homelessness (NCFH)â⬠claimed that within a single year there are 30% children who are dispossessed from their houses, 22% children get separated from their family, at least 25% of children faces act of violence from their family. So for these children there are many societies and organizations like ââ¬Å"Homeless Children Americaâ⬠who are working for these little kids. These organizations aimed at saving lives and for providing basic necessities to these childrenââ¬â¢s (Natalie Thompson, 2011). These organizations are focusing to eliminate childââ¬â¢s homelessness from United States. They are negotiating with the government for shifting the families living in motels into permanent houses. These organization members are collecting funds to sup port education, food, clothing and other necessary things of children. These organizations are also working on various policies for these children. Some of these policies are federal policy which is implemented by state government. When this policy is funded appropriately by the state government then these funds are used in improving the condition of little children. Government is also helping for eliminating homelessness from the United States. For this they have made 10 years
Monday, October 7, 2019
To What Extent Does the Principle of Good Faith Play in English Contra Research Paper
To What Extent Does the Principle of Good Faith Play in English Contract Law, and French Contract Law - Research Paper Example In this context, Collins (1994, 230) stated that ââ¬Å"the traditional solution for international transactions invokes the choice of law rules of private international law; under these rules, now codified by the Rome Convention, the parties to a contract are free to select the governing law, and in the absence of an express choice, the default rule applies the law which is most closely connected to the transactionâ⬠. In other words, the law applicable in a specific contract is decided primarily by the parties of this contract and only in cases that no special provision exists, then this issue is resolved directly by the relevant legal provisions referring to jurisdiction in cases of international transactions. The examination of the validity and the content of a contract has been traditionally an issue of primary importance for countries of civil law. For common law countries, the above issues are also extensively examined by the courts. In this context, the study of Beatson et al., (1997, 14) showed that ââ¬Å"once the contract passes the test of initial validity, the control of its terms on the ground of unfairness becomes problematical since it is in direct conflict with the notion of freedom of contract; nevertheless, the law has for centuries possessed tools that could be utilized in order to exercise such control, notably the doctrine of public policy and the equitable rules against penalty and forfeiture; the doctrine of good faith provides another important tool for the control of contractual terms and their application; the doctrine has long been recognized by continental law; recently it has been gradually absorbed by a number of common law jurisdictionsâ⬠. In accordance with the above researcher, the doctrine of ââ¬Ëgood faithââ¬â¢ is not broadly used in common law countries but only in cases where its application is inevitable taking into account the circumstances of a specific country and the behaviour of the parties involved. As pointed out by Summers (1968, 198) ââ¬ËWithout a principle of good faith, a judge might, in particular cases, be unable to do justice at all, or he might be able to do it only at the cost of fictionalizing existing legal concepts and rules, thereby snarling up the law for future cases; in begetting snarl, fiction may introduce inequity, unclarity or unpredictability; in addition, fiction can divert analytical focus or even cast aspersions on an innocent partyââ¬â¢.à Ã
Sunday, October 6, 2019
Technology, Strategy and Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Technology, Strategy and Innovation - Essay Example In Europe, firms with less than 10-49 employees are termed small firms, whereas firms with 50 to 249 employees fall under the definition of SMEs. SMEs usually tend to have greater market power than small firms and constitute around 99% of the total global enterprises (Shapira, n.d.). Despite their strength in numbers, a heavily competitive and globalized business environment is causing SMEs to struggle in order to compete effectively with large corporate companies. Particularly so because large companies have greater resources to influence the market power of SMEs. Their vast resources of manpower, materials, machines and money can be used to counter any competitive threat from SMEs. Under such circumstances, innovation in new products and business strategies becomes the only way for SMEs to survive. According to Fagerberg (2004), innovation is the process through which firms create and develop knowledge to develop new and improved products and services. On the other hand, Bordia et al. (2005) define innovation as the ability to define and develop new products and services and deliver them to market. According to Susman et al. (2006, p.16), innovation usually takes place in products, processes and markets. This paper discusses the importance of innovation in SMEs and how it is practiced. Innovation in small enterprises Innovation in firms is usually practiced through six channels: product, process, activities, non-technological, organizational, and marketing. The chart below provides a comparison of the popularity of various innovation channels in SMEs and large organizations. (Shapira, n.d., p. 2) From the chart, it is evident that process and organizational innovation in large organizations is carried out on a larger scale than in SMEs. In all other innovation channels, SMEs are not far behind large organizations. Product and process innovation together are termed as technological innovation because utilization of new technology is an essential characteristic of both. Product innovation utilizes new technology to develop innovative products. The iPhone is a good example of product innovation. When all other mobile phone manufacturers were concentrating on manufacturing traditional mobile phones, Apple came out with a touchscreen phone and created history. Many people have the illusion that technological innovation is the sole monopoly of large organizations. However, such innovation is possible in SMEs too. Bennet (1994, p.147) points out that smaller organizations are even more technologically advanced than the larger ones. It should be noted that when Hotmail was first introduced by Sabeer Bhatia and Jack Smith it was an innovative service. After witnessing its popularity and realizing its potential, Microsoft acquired Hotmail later. Companies such as Google and Apple are busy acquiring the patents of many innovative products and services from SMEs. In short, product innovation in SMEs is not facing any barriers. On the other hand, pr ocess innovation in SMEs is taking place at a slower pace. Process innovation refers to improvements in production and delivery methods. Six Sigma implemented at Motorola is an example of process innovation. The core of process innovation is to eliminate or reduce costs of production, reduce waste, improve marketing and logistics operations, etc. Process innovati
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